Blue light, a high-energy visible (HEV) light with wavelengths between 380 and 500 nanometers, is a natural component of sunlight but it is also increasingly present in artificial forms. Our modern lifestyles and workplaces means our exposure to artificial sources such as LED lighting, computer screens, and other digital devices have increased our exposure to blue light. While natural blue light plays a crucial role in regulating our circadian rhythms and enhancing alertness during the day, there are increasing questions over the impact of excessive exposure on our health, especially from artificial sources.

Potential risks of blue light exposure

Prolonged exposure to blue light has been associated with several health issues:

• Digital eye strain: Extended periods concentrating especially in front of screens can lead to symptoms such as dry eyes, blurred vision and headaches. This condition, often referred to as Computer Vision Syndrome, is due to the scattering nature of the blue light, which reduces contrast and makes focusing more challenging. When concentrating on screens our blink rate drops leading to dry eyes due to the reduced lubrication from fewer blinks. Blinking helps spread the tear film across the surface of the eyes, keeping them moist and healthy. When our eyes are relaxed, we blink more frequently, which helps maintain better lubrication and overall eye health.
• Sleep disruption: Exposure to blue light, especially in the evening, can disrupt melatonin production, a hormone that regulates sleep. This can lead to difficulties in falling asleep and maintaining restful sleep. Produced in the pineal gland, melatonin is light-sensitive and regulated by light and dark cycles. Disruptions to these cycles can disrupt the body's circadian rhythm which can significantly impact our health, performance and alertness.
• Long-term eye health: There is ongoing research into the long-term effects of blue light on eye health. Some studies suggest a potential link between prolonged blue light exposure as it can cause photochemical damage to the retina and an increased risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a condition that can lead to vision loss. However, more research is needed to determine the extent of this risk.

Benefits of blue light

Despite the potential risks, blue light has beneficial effects:

• Enhanced alertness: Blue light exposure during daylight hours can boost attention, reaction times and mood, contributing to improved cognitive function.
• Circadian rhythm regulation: Natural blue light helps synchronise our internal body clocks, promoting healthy sleep-wake cycles. This regulation is essential for overall well-being.
• Protective measures in the workplace

Given the mixed effects of blue light, it's important for workplaces to consider protective measures, especially in environments with high levels of artificial lighting or for those that work outside.

Use of protective eyewear: Safety glasses designed to filter out a portion of blue light can help reduce eye strain and potential long-term risks. For instance, uvex offers the CBR65 and CBR23 lenses. The CBR65 lens has a lighter tint, suitable for indoor environments with harsh artificial lighting, and blocks up to 50% of blue light at 450 nm. The CBR23 lens, with a darker tint, is ideal for bright outdoor settings and offers higher blue light reduction.

In case you’re wondering, CBR stands for:

C = Contrast enhancement - The innovative CBR tints ensure better contrast helping wearers distinguish objects more clearly, improve depth perception and help reaction times which can be particularly beneficial in hazardous environments. 

B = Blue light reduction - CBR23 and CBR65 provide reliable protection against blue light emissions whether from the sun or manmade digital devices and lighting.

R = Relaxed vision - Ideal for high-concentration work; both models ensure the eyes and surrounding muscles are relaxed, supporting natural functions needed to keep eyes healthy and comfortable.

Conclusion

While blue light is essential for various physiological functions, excessive exposure, particularly from artificial sources in the workplace, can pose health risks. Ongoing research continues to explore the long-term effects of blue light, reinforcing the importance of preventive measures. Employers should assess their work environments and consider appropriate interventions, such as protective eyewear and regular breaks, to mitigate potential risks associated with blue light exposure.